Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
September 25, 2026 · via Europe PMC
Urine diagnostics in paediatric intestinal failure: A prospective cohort study of alternative sampling methods.
Sakaeva A, Busch A, Holle J, +9 more, Hilberath J.
AI summary — for doctors, generated from the abstract only
In children with intestinal failure on parenteral nutrition, shorter timed urine collections approximated 24-hour collections for electrolytes, and chronic kidney disease affected half of patients.
What was studied
Prospective single-center cohort of 31 pediatric intestinal failure patients on long-term PN undergoing 24-hour urine collection, spot urine, and shorter timed collections, with eGFR, creatinine clearance, and renal ultrasound.
Key findings
- Shorter timed collections matching the PN infusion interval agreed best with 24-hour collections for sodium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate
- Certain spot urines detected sodium and magnesium depletion, suggesting cyclic dehydration
- CKD in 15/30 (50%) by creatinine-cystatin C eGFR
- Proteinuria in 58.6%, albuminuria in 50%, nephrocalcinosis in 37%
Clinical relevance
This suggests shorter timed or targeted spot urine samples may be practical for monitoring PN-dependent children and highlights the high burden of kidney disease requiring surveillance. Small single-center data warrant confirmation.
Who should care
Limitations
Small single-center sample with cross-sectional kidney assessment.
Kidney problems are common in children on long-term parenteral nutrition, and simpler urine tests can help monitor them.
This is an AI-generated summary of the published abstract, not a clinical recommendation. It may not reflect the full text or subsequent updates — verify against the original source before acting on it.
Abstract
Objectives
Regular monitoring of urinary electrolyte excretion and kidney function is essential in children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). This study evaluated alternative urine sampling methods against 24-h urine collection (UC) and assessed the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal abnormalities.
Methods
In this prospective single-centre cohort study, 31 paediatric IF patients underwent 24-h UC, spot urine (SU) sampling, and shorter timed collections at predefined intervals. Urinary electrolytes and derived ratios were analysed. Kidney function was evaluated using cystatin C (CysC)- and creatinine (Cr)-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and 24-h urinary Cr clearance (CrCl). Agreement between alternative sampling methods and 24-h UC was assessed using Bland-Altman and regression analyses. Renal abnormalities were evaluated by ultrasound.
Results
Shorter timed UCs, particularly those corresponding to the PN infusion interval, showed the closest agreement with 24-h UC for sodium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate excretion. Certain SU samples detected electrolyte deficiencies, particularly sodium and magnesium depletion, and low sodium-to-potassium ratios, highlighting cyclic dehydration at the end of the PN-free interval. CKD was detected in 15/30 patients (50%) by creatinine-cysC-based eGFR. Proteinuria was present in 17/29 patients (58.6%) in 24-h UC, and albuminuria in 13/26 SU samples (50%). Nephrocalcinosis was found in 37% of patients.
Conclusions
Shorter timed UC and targeted SU samples may provide practical alternatives to 24-h UC for monitoring urinary electrolyte status and hydration. CKD and renal abnormalities are prevalent in children with IF receiving PN.
DOI
10.1002/jpn3.70597
PMID
42788340
Research metadata (titles, abstracts, authors, publication dates) is sourced from Europe PMC, which aggregates content from PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and other providers under the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM/NCBI). NLM does not claim copyright on abstracts; the original journal publishers or authors may hold rights to the full articles. AI-generated summaries are derived only from the abstract, never the full text, and are always labeled as AI-generated.
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